The vertical section of a dorsoventral leaf through the lamina shows three main parts namely, epidermis, …$A$… and vascular system. The epidermis, which covers the upper surface is …$B$… and lower surface is covered by …$C$… of the leaf.

Choose the correct combination of $A , B$ and $C$

In old trees the greater part of secondary xylem is dark brown and resistant to insect attack due to:

$(a)$ secretion of secondary metabolities and their deposition in the lumen of vessels.

$(b)$ deposition of organic compounds like tannins and resins in the central layers of stem.

$(c)$ deposition of suberin and aromatic substances in the outer layer of stem.

$(d)$ deposition of tannins, gum, resin and aromatic substances in the peripheral layers of stem.

$(e)$ presence of parenchyma cells, functionally active xylem elements and essential oils.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Match the following

Assertion : Collenchyma is thick walled dead tissue.
Reason : Collenchymatous cells show thickenings of pectin

The transverse section of a plant material shows the following anatomical features, $(a)$ the vascular bundles are conjoint, scattered and surrounded by clerenchymatous undle sheaths $(b)$ phloem parenchyma is absent. What will you identify it as?