Define the following terms.
$(i)$ Mineral $(ii)$ Ore $(iii)$ Gangue
$(i)$ Mineral : Most of the elements occur in nature as in combined state as minerals. The chemical composition of minerals is fixed.
$(ii)$ Ore : Minerals from which metals can be extracted profitably are known as ores.
$(iii)$ Gangue: The impurities (sand, silt, soil, gravel, etc.) present in the ore are called gangue.
Pratyush took sulphur powder on a spatula and heated it. He collected the gas evolved by inverting a test tube over it, as shown in figure below.
$(a)$ What will be the action of gas on
$(i)$ dry litmus paper ?
$(ii)$ moist litmus paper ?
$(b)$ Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place.
Differentiate between metal and non-metal on the basis of their chemical properties.
$(i)$ Write the electron-dot structures for sodium. oxygen and magnesium.
$(ii)$ Show the formation of $Na _{2} O$ and $MgO$ by the transfer of electrons.
$(iii)$ What are the ions present in these compounds ?
Why do ionic compounds have high melting points ?
Give an example of a metal which
$(i)$ is a liquid at room temperature.
$(ii)$ can be easily cut with a knife.
$(iii)$ is the best conductor of heat.
$(iv)$ is a poor conduct of heat.