Describe the structure of a human kidney with the help of a labelled diagram.

$\Rightarrow \quad$ Internal structure of the kidney: L.s. of kidney shows, at the concave surface, large opening called Hilum.

Inner to the hilum is a broad funnel shaped space called renal pelvis is present.

$\Rightarrow \quad$ Projection of renal pelvis are called calyces.

The outer layer of kidney is a tough capsule.

$\Rightarrow$ Inside the kidney, there are two zones, an outer cortex and an inner medulla.

The medulla is divided into a few conical masses (medullary pyramids) projecting into the calyces.

The cortex extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal columns called columns of bertini.

$\Rightarrow$ Each kidney has nearly one million complex tubular structures called nephrons.