Axles are made by heating rods of iron embedded in charcoal powder. The process is known as

In electrolysis of $Al_2O_3$ by Hall-Heroult process

Thermite is a mixture of

Which of the following methods are not used to refine any metal?

$(A)$ Liquation   $(B)$ Calcination    $(C)$ Electrolysis    $(D)$ Leaching   $(E)$ Distillation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason $R$

Assertion $A$ : The reduction of a metal oxide is easier if the metal formed is in liquid state than solid state.

Reason $R$ : The value of $\Delta G ^{\ominus}$ becomes more on negative side as entropy is higher in liquid state than solid state.

In the light of the above statements. Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.