Food chain is a series of population, which starts with producers. It is concerning with
Biotic components only
Energy flow and transfer of nutrients
Both $(a)$ and $(b)$
Abiotic components and decomposers
Transfer of energy from one trophic level to other trophic level is according to the second law of thermodynamics. The efficiency of energy transfer from herbivorous to carnivorous is
Which of the following ecosystems has highest productivity?
Whale is
First link in any food chain is a green plant because
Magnitude of primary productivity is affected by