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Identify the correct order of organisation ofgenetic material from largest to smallest.
Genome, chromosome, gene, nucleotide
Chromosome, genome, nucleotide, gene
Chromosome, gene, genome, nucleotide
Genome, chromosome, nucleotide, gene
Solution
(a) : In genome all the genes are contained in a single set of chromosomes. The instructions in our genome are present in the form of $DNA$. $DNA$ has a complicated structure in the form of a double helix. Single strands of $DNA$ are coiled up into structures called chromosomes. Within the chromosomes, segments of $DNA$ are “read” together to form genes. Thus, a gene is a segment of $DNA$ or chromosome situated at a specific locus (gene locus) which carries coded information associated with a specific function and can undergo crossing over as well as mutation. A nucleotide is the basic unit of $DNA$ made up of a pentose sugar, phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base.