Mendel crossed a pure white-flowered recessive pea plant with a dominant pure red-flowered plant. The first generation of hybrids from the cross should show

Cross between $F_1$ plant and recessive female plant is called

What is artificial selection ? Do you think it affects the process of natural selection ? How ?

$A$ : Test cross is the tool for knowing linkage between genes.
$R$ : Monohybrid test cross gives two phenotypes and two genotypes.

Test cross is