Gujarati
12.Ecosystem
normal

Primary succession is development of communities on

A

Newly exposed habitat

B

Cleared forest area

C

Freshly harvested crop field

D

Pond filled after a dry season

(AIPMT-1995)

Solution

(a)Newly exposed sea floor, igneous rocks, sand dunes, lava sediments or newly submerged areas are some of the examples of primary bare area. It is quite hostile to first life or pioneer community. Primary succession takes a very long time.

Standard 12
Biology

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