5.Molecular Basis of Inheritance
medium

સેટેલાઇટ $DNA$ એ મહત્ત્વનું છે. કારણ કે તે .........

A

કોષચક્રમાં જરૂરી પ્રોટીન માટેના સંકેતો આપે છે.

B

પ્રોટીન માટે સંકેત આપતા નથી અને તે વસતિના બધા સભ્યોમાં એકસરખું હોય છે.

C

$DNA$ રેપ્લિકેશન માટે જરૂરી ઉત્સુચકના સંકેત આપે છે.

D

વસતિમાં બહુમાત્રામાં પોલીમરાઇઝેશન થાય છે અને તેટલા જ પ્રમાણમાં વ્યક્તિગત પોલીમરાઇઝેશન જે પિતૃઓમાંથી સંતતિમાં આનુવંશિક છે

(NEET-2015)

Solution

(d) : Satellite $DNA$ is that part of repetitive $DNA$ which has long repetitive nucleotide sequences in tandem that forms a separate fraction on density ultracentrifugation. $DNA$ fingerprinting involves identifying differences in some specific regions in $DNA$ sequence called as repetitive $DNA$, because in these sequences, a small stretch of $DNA$ is repeated many times. These repetitive $DNA$ sequences are separated from bulk genomic $DNA$ as different peaks during density gradient centrifugation. The bulk $DNA$ forms a major peak and the other small peaks are referred to as satellite $DNA$. Depending on base composition $(A:T$ rich or $G:C$ rich), length of segment, and number of repetitive units, the satellite $DNA$ is classified into many categories, such as micro­ satellites, mini­satellites etc. These sequences normally do not code for any proteins, but they form a large portion of human genome. These sequences show high degree of polymorphism and form the basis of $ DNA$ fingerprinting. Since $DNA$ from every tissue (such as blood, hair­follicle, skin, bone, saliva, sperm etc.) from an individual show the same degree of polymorphism, they become very useful identification tool in forensic applications.

Standard 12
Biology

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