The capitulum type of inflorescence is found in

Cyathium inflorescence shows

Which of the following two are the resultant of stipule modifications?

$I$.Spines in Ziziphus. $II$.Tendrils in Smilax $III$.Tendrils in Nepenthes.

$IV$.Spines in Argemone. $V$.Thorns in Bougainvellea.

The presence of cilia, an oral groove, and food vacuoles, and the absence of chloroplasts in a unicellular organism indicate that the organism carries on

The old bladders in Utricularia are useless as they contain used debris of insects. The insects are digested inside leaf bladders where digestive glands secrete digestive juice. These glands are