The $ pH$  of a fertile soil is usually around

Release of phosphates and nitrates in water bodies(i.e. rivers and lakes) lead to

Categorise the following plants into hydrophytes, halophytes, mesophytes and xerophytes. Give reasons for your answers.

$(a)$ Salvinia    $(b)$ Opuntia     $(c)$ Rhizophora    $(d)$ Mangifera

In a sea shore, the benthic animals live in sandy, muddy and rocky substrata and accordingly developed the following adaptations.

$(a)$ Burrowing

$(b)$ Building cubes

$(c)$ Holdfasts / peduncle

Find the suitable substratum against each adaptation.

Which of the following is capable of causing green house effect in the environment