What are the harmful effects of photochemical smog and how can they be controlled?

$EFFECTS \,OF\, PHOTOCHEMICAL \,SMOG:$

Photochemical smog is oxidizing smog owing to the presence of $NO _{2}$ and $O_3,$ causing corrosion of metals, stones, rubber, and painted surfaces. The other major components of photochemical smog are $PAN$, acrolein, and formaldehyde. Both $PAN$  and ozone are eye irritants, while nitric oxide (formed from $NO _{2}$ ) causes nose and throat irritation. At higher concentrations, photochemical smog causes chest pain, headaches, throat dryness, and various respiratory ailments

$CONTROL\, MEASURES:$

Photochemical smog results from the burring of fossil fuels and automobile fuels that emit $NO _{2}$ and hydrocarbons, which in turn form ozone, $PAN$, and other chemicals. The use of catalytic converters in automobiles is recommended to prevent the release of $NO _{2}$ and hydrocarbons into the atmosphere.

Plantation of plants such as Pinus, Juniparur, Quercus, Pyrus, and Vitis is also advised as these plants have the capability to metabolize $NO _{2}$.