Describe linkage and recombination in detail.
 

Genetic map is one that

The experiment shown in the given figure has been carried out by Morgan to show the phenomenon of linkage and recombination. If in cross $I$, genes are tightly linked and in cross $II$, genes are loosely linked then what will be the percentage of recombinants produced in cross $I$ and cross $II$ respectively?

$A$ : Morgan's cross III was conducted in Drosophila to locate genes on chromosome for white eye colour.
$R$ : The cross was done between red eyed hybrid female and white eyed male.

In Drosophila, long wing and broad abdomen characters are dominant over to characters vestigeal wing and narrow abdomen. A pure breeding Drosophila having long wings and broad abdomen is crossed with a pure breeding vestigeal-winged and narrow-abdomened Drosophila. Two of the $F_1$ individuals were crossed and the following results were produced in the $F_2$ generation Long wing, broad abdomen in $482$ Drosophila. Vestigeal wing, narrow abdomen in $154$ Drosophila. Which one of the following is illustrated by these results