Probes, used in $DNA$ fingerprinting, are initially

The $RNA$i stands for

Which one of the following vectors is used to replace the defective gene in gene therapy ?

Germinating barley seeds are employed in the preparation of

$A$ : Production of hirudin from transgenic Brassica required use of synthetic gene.

$R $ : Eukaryotic genes have intron sequences that need to be spliced out.