Write down the definition and formula of half life of radioactive substance.
Given below are two statements :
Statement $I:$ The law of radioactive decay states that the number of nuclei undergoing the decay per unit time is inversely proportional to the total number of nuclei in the sample.
Statement $II:$ The half life of a radionuclide is the sum of the life time of all nuclei, divided by the initial concentration of the nuclei at time $t =0$.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
Match the nuclear processes given in column $I$ with the appropriate option$(s)$ in column $II$
column $I$ | column $II$ |
$(A.)$Nuclear fusion | $(P.)$ Absorption of thermal neutrons by ${ }_{92}^{213} U$ |
$(B.)$Fission in a nuclear reactor | $(Q.)$ ${ }_{27}^{60} Co$ nucleus |
$(C.)$ $\beta$-decay | $(R.)$ Energy production in stars via hydrogen conversion to helium |
$(D.)$ $\gamma$-ray emission | $(S.)$ Heavy water |
$(T.)$ Neutrino emission |
The mean lives of a radioactive sample are $30$ years and $60$ years for $\alpha$-emission and $\beta $ -emission respectively. If the sample decays both by $\alpha$- emission and $\beta $-emission simultaneously, the time after which, only one-fourth of the sample remain is :- ........... $years$
Age of a tree is determined using radio-isotope of
For a radioactive material, half-life is $10$ minutes. If initially there are $600$ number of nuclei, the time taken (in minutes) for the disintegration of $450$ nuclei is