7.Gravitation
hard

$m$ દળ ધરાવતા એક પદાર્થને પૃથ્વીની સપાટીથી પૃથ્વીની ત્રિજયા $(R) $ ની બમણી ઊંચાઇએ લઇ જતાં પદાર્થની સ્થિતિઊર્જામાં થતો ફેરફાર કેટલો હશે?

A

$\frac{2}{3}mgR$

B

$3mgR$

C

$\;\frac{1}{3}mgR$

D

$2mgR$

(AIPMT-2013) (JEE MAIN-2023)

Solution

          Gravitationa potential energy at any point at a distance $r$ from the center of the earth is

$u =  – \frac{{GMm}}{r}$

Where $M$ and $m$ be masses of the earth and the body respectively, 

At the surface of the earth, $r\,=\,R$

$\therefore {u_i} =  – \frac{{GMm}}{R}$

At a height $h$ from the surface,

$r = R + h = R + 2R\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\left( {h = 2R\left( {Given} \right)} \right)$

$=\,3\,R$

$\therefore {u_f} =  – \frac{{GMm}}{{3R}}$

Change in potential energy,

 $\Delta U = {U_f} – {U_i}$

$ =  – \frac{{GMm}}{{3R}} – \left( { – \frac{{GMm}}{R}} \right) = \frac{{GMm}}{R}\left( {1 – \frac{1}{3}} \right)$

$ = \frac{2}{3}\frac{{GMm}}{R} = \frac{2}{3}mgR\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\left( {g = \frac{{GM}}{{{R^2}}}} \right)$

Standard 11
Physics

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