Aluminium (III) chloride forms a dimer because

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p-Block Elements - I

easy

Aluminium $(III)$ chloride forms a dimer because

A

Higher coordination number can be achieved by aluminium

B

Aluminium has high ionization energy

C

Aluminium belongs to $III$ group

D

It cannot form a trimer

(AIPMT-1995)

Solution

$AlCl _3$ can form dimer and exists as $Al _2 Cl _6$, aluminium has vacant $d$-orbitals which can accommodate electron from chlorine atom. $AlCl _3$ is an electron deficient compound in $Al$ (octet incomplete) thus behaves as Lewis acid and $Al$ completes it by taking electron pair from $Cl$-atom as shown in figure.

Standard 11

Chemistry

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