Aluminum dissolves in mineral acids and aqueous alkalis and thus shows amphoteric character. A piece of aluminum foil is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution in a test tube and on bringing a burning match stick near the mouth of the test tube, a pop sound indicates the evolution of hydrogen gas. The same activity when performed with concentrated nitric acid, reaction doesn't proceed. Explain the reason.
Aluminum dissolves in mineral acids and aqueous alkalis and thus shows amphoteric character. A piece of aluminum foil is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution in a test tube and on bringing a burning match stick near the mouth of the test tube, a pop sound indicates the evolution of hydrogen gas. The same activity when performed with concentrated nitric acid, reaction doesn't proceed. Explain the reason.
Aluminum is amphoteric in nature, it reacts with acid and base to give salt and $\mathrm{H}_{2}$ gas. It burns with pop sound.
$2 \mathrm{Al}+6 \mathrm{HCl} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{AlCl}_{3}+3 \mathrm{H}_{2}$
$2 \mathrm{Al}+\mathrm{NaOH}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{NaAlO}_{2}+3 \mathrm{H}_{2}$
When $\mathrm{Al}$ reacts with conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_{3}$, a thin layer of $\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}$ on the surface of $\mathrm{Al}$ metal which protect further reaction. This layer is called protective layer.
$2 \mathrm{Al}+6 \mathrm{HNO}_{3} \rightarrow \mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}+6 \mathrm{NO}_{2}+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
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- [JEE MAIN 2018]