7.Human Health and Disease
hard

Differentiate the following and give examples of each:

$(a)$ Innate and acquired immunity

$(b)$ Active and passive immunity

Option A
Option B
Option C
Option D

Solution

$(a)$

Innate immunity Acquired immunity
$(1)$ New born is born with all the elements of defense. $(1)$ Immunity develops after the child birth.
$(2)$ Various barriers are present to prevent the entry of foreign agents. $(2)$ Specialized cells like $T$-cells and $B$-cells and antibodies circulate in body fluid.
$(3)$ Present for whole life of an individual $(3)$ It can be present or absent whole life of an individual.

$(2)$

Passive immunity Active immunity
 $(1)$ Ready-made antibodies are used.  $(1)$ Pathogens or antigens are required in body for its production.
 $(2)$ Side effects are observed.  $(2)$ No side effects.
 $(3)$ Faster immune response observed.  $(3)$ Takes time to develop immune response.
 $(4)$ The effect lasts for only few days.  $(4)$The effect is long lasting.

 

Standard 12
Biology

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