Give difference Amongest Lamarckism, Darwinism and Mutation Theory.

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6.Evolution

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Give difference Amongest Lamarckism, Darwinism and Mutation Theory.

Option A

Option B

Option C

Option D

Solution

Properties	Lamarckism	Darwinism	Mutation Theory
$(a)$ Vital force	The theory believes that every organism has an internal vital force that tends to increase its size upto a certain limit.	Darwinism does. not believe in internal vital force.	No internal vital force is involved.
$(b)$ Conscious Reaction	Animals with well developed nervous system react consciously to any change in environment.	Darwinism does not involve any conscious reaction.	No conscious reaction is belived to take part in the process of evolution.
$(c)$ Appetency	The theory considers appetency or desires on the part of animals an important force in the development of modifications.	It is not a constituent of the theory.	Appetency is not involved.
$(d)$ Use and disuse	The organs put to more use are believed to develop more while organs not used begin to degenerate.	The theory is silent about use and discuss of organs.	The theory is silent about it.

Standard 12

Biology

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Select the incorrect statements

$I.$ Natural selection is essential for evolution

$II.$ Natural selection do not include variations

$III.$ Concept of natural selection was given by Hugo de Vries

$IV.$ Mutation is the sudden inheritable change

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$(a)$ Darwin's Finches of Galapagos islands.

$(b)$ Herbicide resistant weeds.

$(c)$ Drug resistant eukaryotes.

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Column – $I$ Column – $II$

$(1)$ Mutation $(a)$ Change in population allele frequencies due to chance alone.

$(2)$ Gene flow $(b)$ Difference insurvival and reproduction

$(3)$ Natural selection $(c)$ Immigration, emigration change allele frequencies.

$(4)$ Genetic drift $(d)$ Source of new alleles.

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Definitions / Explanation : Analogous organs & Vestigial or rudimentary organs

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Assertion : Natural selection is the outcome of difference in survival and reproduction among individuals that show variation in one or more traits.

Reason : Adaptive forms of a given trait tend to become more common; less adaptive ones become less common or disappear.

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(AIIMS-2004)