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Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion $A$ and the other is labelled as Reason $R$:
Assertion $A$ : The stability order of +$1$ oxidation state of $\mathrm{Ga}$, In and $\mathrm{Tl}$ is $\mathrm{Ga}<\mathrm{In}<\mathrm{Tl}$.
Reason $R$ : The inert pair effect stabilizes the lower oxidation state down the group.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Both $A$ and $R$ are true and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$.
$A$ is true but $R$ is false.
Both $A$ and $R$ are true but $R$ is $NOT$ the correct explanation of $A$.
$A$ is false but $R$ is true.
Solution
The relative stability of +$1$ oxidation state progressively increases for heavier elements due to inert pair effect.
$\therefore$ Stability of $A \ell^{+1}<\mathrm{Ga}^{+1}<\mathrm{In}^{+1}<\mathrm{T} \ell^{+1}$
