In stable population predation
Is harmful
Is beneficial
Increases the number of predators
Depletes the prey
In an aqueous environment, the microscopic animals are collectively called
$A$ predator
When one organism is benefitted without affecting the others is called
$A$ : Cattle or goat never graze on Calotropis.
$R$ : Thorns are present as a morphological means of defence
Why exotic species become invasive sometime and starts spreading fast because of