Sicklecell anaemia is

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(b) : Sickle&shy;cell anaemia is an autosomal hereditary Yellow green disorder in which erythrocytes become sickle shaped. It is caused by the formati

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caused by a change in a single base pair of $DNA$

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(b) : Sickle&shy;cell anaemia is an autosomal hereditary Yellow green disorder in which erythrocytes become sickle shaped. It is caused by the formation ofabnormal haemoglobin called haemoglobin&shy;-$S$. Haemoglobin&shy;-$S$ is formed when $6^{th}$ amino acid of $\beta$-&shy;chain, $i.e.$, glutamic acid is replaced by valine due to substitution. It occurs due to a single nucleotide change $(A &rarr; T)$ in the $\beta$-&shy;globin gene of coding strand. In the normal $\beta$-&shy;globin gene the $DNA$ sequence is $CCTGAGGAG$, while in sickle&shy; cell anaemia, the sequence is $CCTGTGGAG.$

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Sickle­cell anaemia is