The ratio of the speed of the electrons in the ground state of hydrogen to the speed of  light in vacuum is

According to classical theory, the circular path of an electron in Rutherford atom is

In Bohr model of hydrogen atom, the force on the electron depends on the principal quantum number as

In the result of the Geiger-Marsden experiment, by which the trajectory of the $\alpha $ -particle can be calculated ?

To accommodate the view that matter is made up to $5$ elements only, a scientist proposed the following hypothesis; that atoms can have a maximum principal quantum number $n _{\operatorname{man}}$ and no higher. Then, which of the following statements must be true ?

Choose the correct alternative from the clues given at the end of the each statement:

$(a)$ The size of the atom in Thomson’s model is .......... the atomic size in Rutherford’s model. (much greater than/no different from/much less than.)

$(b)$ In the ground state of .......... electrons are in stable equilibrium, while in .......... electrons always experience a net force. (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model.)

$(c)$ A classical atom based on .......... is doomed to collapse. (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model.)

$(d)$ An atom has a nearly continuous mass distribution in a .......... but has a highly non-uniform mass distribution in .......... (Thomson’s model/ Rutherford’s model.)

$(e)$ The positively charged part of the atom possesses most of the mass in .......... (Rutherford’s model/both the models.)