Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion $(A)$ and the other is labelled as Reason $(R)$.

Assertion $(A)$:

Mendel's law of Independent assortment does not hold good for the genes that are located closely on the same chromosome.

Reason $(R):$

Closely located genes assort independently.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Genetic map is one that

Crossing over is

Assertion : In case of incomplete linkage, linked gene show new combination along with parental combination.

Reason : In case of incomplete linkage, linked genes are separated by crossing over.

In a test cross involving $F_1$ dihybrid flies, more parental­type offspring were produced than the recombinant­type offspring. This indicates