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When $3.0 \,g$ of carbon is burnt in $8.00 \,g$ oxygen, $11.00 \,g$ of carbon dioxide is produced. What mass of carbon dioxide will be formed when $3.00 \,g$ of carbon is burnt in $50.00\, g$ of oxygen? Which law of chemical combination will govern your answer ?
Solution
First we find the proportion of mass of carbon and oxygen in carbon dioxide.
In $CO_2$, $C : O =12: 32$ or $3: 8$
In other words, we can say that
$12.00 \,g$ carbon reacts with oxygen $=32.00 \,g$
$3.00 \,g$ carbon will react with oxygen $ = \frac{{32 \times 3}}{{12}} = 8{\kern 1pt}\,g$
Therefore, $3.00\,g$ of carbon will always react with $8.00\,g$ of oxygen to form $CO_2\,(11\,g )$, even if large amount $(50.00\,g )$ of oxygen is present.
This answer will be governed by 'the law of constant proportions'.