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Which of the following are the part or example of symbiotic mutualistic association?
$I.$ Yeast
$II.$ Rhizobium
$III.$ Mycorrhiza
$IV.$ Oscillatoria
$I$ and $II$
$I$ and $III$
$II$ and $III$
$III$ and $IV$
Solution
Mycorrhiza and Rhizobium both are shows symbiotic association.
In the Mycorrhizal association fungi surround the root hairs of plants. This increases the surface area of the root hairs and allows it to better absorb nutrients in the soil. It also provides the plant roots with protection. In exchange the fungi attached to the root hairs gets glucose from the plant
The other type of root symbiosis is Rhizobium symbiosis. This type of symbiosis occurs in legumes. Here, nodules containing the bacteria Rhizobium attach themselves to root hairs of the legume. The Rhizobium absorbs and converts unusable nitrogen in the soil, to biologically usable nitrogen, which is then used by the legume. The root of the legume supplies the Rhizobium with glucose obtained photosynthetic parts of the plant