$(a)$ An electrostatic field line is a continuous curve. That is, a field line cannot have sudden breaks. Why not?
$(b)$ Explain why two field lines never cross each other at any point?
$(a)$ An electrostatic field line is a continuous curve because a charge experiences a continuous force when traced in an electrostatic field. The field line cannot have sudden breaks because the charge moves continuously and does not jump from one point to the other.
$(b)$ If two field lines cross each other at a point, then electric field intensity will show two directions at that point. This is not possible. Hence, two field lines never cross each other.
Write $SI$ unit of electric flux.
Draw electric field by negative charge.
Given below are two statements:
Statement $I :$ An electric dipole is placed at the centre of a hollow sphere. The flux of electric field through the sphere is zero but the electric field is not zero anywhere in the sphere.
Statement $II :$ If $R$ is the radius of a solid metallic sphere and $Q$ be the total charge on it. The electric field at any point on the spherical surface of radius $r ( < R )$ is zero but the electric flux passing through this closed spherical surface of radius $r$ is not zero.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Give characteristics of electric field lines.
The black shapes in the figure below are closed surfaces. The electric field lines are in red. For which case, the net flux through the surfaces is non-zero?