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A parallel plate air capacitor of capacitance $C$ is connected to a cell of emf $V$ and then disconnected from it. A dielectric slab of dielectric constant $K,$ which can just fill the air gap of the capacitor, is now inserted in it. Which of the following is incorrect $?$
The energy stored in the capacitor decreases $K$ times.
The potential difference between the plates decreases $K$ times.
The change in energy stored is $\frac{1}{2}C{V^2}\left( {\frac{1}{K} - 1} \right)$ છે.
The charge on the capacitor is not conserved.
Solution
$q=C V \Rightarrow V=q / C$
Due to dielectric insertion, new capacitance
$C_{2}=C K$
Initial energy stored in capacitor, $U_{1}=\frac{q^{2}}{2 C}$
Final energy stored in capacitor, $U_{2}=\frac{q^{2}}{2 K C}$
Change in energy stored, $\Delta U=U_{2}-U_{1}$
$\Delta U=\frac{q^{2}}{2 C}\left(\frac{1}{K}-1\right)=\frac{1}{2} C V^{2}\left(\frac{1}{K}-1\right)$
New potential difference between plates
$V^{\prime}=\frac{q}{C K}=\frac{V}{K}$