1. Electric Charges and Fields
medium

આકૃતિ માં દર્શાવ્યા મુજબ $10 \,cm$ બાજુવાળા એક ચોરસના કેન્દ્રથી બરાબર ઉપર $5 \,cm$ અંતરે $+10\; \mu\, C$ બિંદુવતુ વિદ્યુતભાર રહેલો છે. ચોરસમાંથી વિદ્યુત ફલક્સનું મૂલ્ય કેટલું હશે? (સૂચન ચોરસને $10\, cm$ ની ધારવાળા ઘનની એક બાજુ તરીકે વિચારો.)

A

$6.34 \times 10^{6} \;N \;m ^{2} C ^{-1}$

B

$3.66 \times 10^{6} \;N \;m ^{2} C ^{-1}$

C

$1.88 \times 10^{5} \;N \;m ^{2} C ^{-1}$

D

$8.66 \times 10^{5} \;N \;m ^{2} C ^{-1}$

Solution

The square can be considered as one face of a cube of edge $10 \,cm$ with a centre where charge $q$ is placed. According to Gauss's theorem for a cube, total electric flux is through all its six faces.

$\phi_{\text {Total}}=\frac{q}{\varepsilon_{0}}$

Hence, electric flux through one face of the cube i.e., through the square is

$\phi=\frac{\phi_{\text {Total}}}{6}=\frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{q}{\varepsilon_{0}}$

Where, $\varepsilon_{0}=$ Permittivity of free space $=8.854 \times 10^{-12}\, N ^{-1} \,C ^{2} \,m ^{-2}$

$q=10\, \mu \,C=10 \times 10^{-6} \,C$

$=1.88 \times 10^{5} \,N \,m ^{2} \,C ^{-1}$

$\therefore \phi=\frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{10 \times 10^{-6}}{8.854 \times 10^{-12}}$

Therefore, electric flux through the square is $1.88 \times 10^{5} \;N \;m ^{2} \,C ^{-1}$

Standard 12
Physics

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