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10-1.Thermometry, Thermal Expansion and Calorimetry
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A steel rod with ${y}=2.0 \times 10^{11} \,{Nm}^{-2}$ and $\alpha=10^{-5}{ }^{\circ} {C}^{-1}$ of length $4\, {m}$ and area of cross-section $10\, {cm}^{2}$ is heated from $0^{\circ} {C}$ to $400^{\circ} {C}$ without being allowed to extend. The tension produced in the rod is ${x} \times 10^{5} \, {N}$ where the value of ${x}$ is ....... .
A
$8$
B
$80$
C
$0.8$
D
$85$
(JEE MAIN-2021)
Solution
Thermal force ${F}={Ay}\alpha \Delta {T}$
$F=\left(10 \times 10^{-4}\right)\left(2 \times 10^{11}\right)\left(10^{-5}\right)(400)$
$F=8 \times 10^{5} {N}$
$\Rightarrow {x}=8$
Standard 11
Physics
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