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p-Block Elements - I
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Aluminium chloride exists as a dimer, $Al_2Cl_6,$ in solid state as well as in solution of non-polar solvents such as benzene. When dissolved in water, it gives:
A
$Al^{3+} +3Cl^-$
B
$[Al(H_2 O)_6 ]^{3+} + 3Cl^-$
C
$[Al(OH)_6]^{3-} + 3HCl$
D
$Al_2O_3 + 6HCl$
Solution
$\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}$ is covalent but in water, it becomes ionic due to large hydration energy of $\mathrm{Al}^{3+}$.
$\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \quad \rightarrow \quad\left[\mathrm{Al}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{6}\right)\right]^{3+}+3 \mathrm{Cl}^{-}$
Hence, option $\mathrm{B}$ is correct.
Standard 11
Chemistry
