Explain atomic radius of elements of boron family.
Explain atomic radius of elements of boron family.
On moving down the group, for each successive member one extra shell of electrons is added and, therefore, atomic radius is expected to increase.
However, a deviation can be seen. Atomic radius of $Ga$ is less than that of Al. This can be understood from the variation in the inner core of the electronic configuration.
The presence of additional $10 d$-electrons offer only poor screening effect for the outer
electrons from the increased nuclear charge in gallium. Consequently, the atomic radius of gallium ($135 pm$) is less than that of aluminium ($143 pm$).
However, regular periodicity is observed in case of ionic radius.
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When metal $X$ is treated with sodium hydroxide, a white precipitate $(A)$ is obtained, which is soluble in excess of $NaOH$ to give soluble complex $(B)$. Compound $(A)$ is soluble in dilute $HCl$ to form compound $(C)$. The compound $(A)$ when heated strongly gives $(D)$, which is used to extract metal. Identify $(X), (A), (B), (C)$ and $(D)$. Write suitable equations to support their identities.
When metal $X$ is treated with sodium hydroxide, a white precipitate $(A)$ is obtained, which is soluble in excess of $NaOH$ to give soluble complex $(B)$. Compound $(A)$ is soluble in dilute $HCl$ to form compound $(C)$. The compound $(A)$ when heated strongly gives $(D)$, which is used to extract metal. Identify $(X), (A), (B), (C)$ and $(D)$. Write suitable equations to support their identities.