Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the following reactions.

$(i)$ $4 Na ( s )+ O _{2}( g ) \rightarrow 2 Na _{2} O ( s )$

$(ii)$ $CuO ( s )+ H _{2}( g ) \rightarrow Cu ( s )+ H _{2} O ( l )$

Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions.

$(i)$ Hydrogen $+$ Chlorine $\to $ Hydrogen chloride

$(ii)$ Barium chloride $+$ Aluminium sulphate $\to $ Barium sulphate $+$ Aluminium chloride

$(iii)$ Sodium $+$ Water $\to $  Sodium hydroxide $+$ Hydrogen

Which of the statements about the reaction below are incorrect ?

$2 PbO _{( s )}+ C _{( s )} \longrightarrow 2 Pb _{( s )}+ CO _{2( g )}$

$(a)$ Lead is getting reduced.

$(b)$ Carbon dioxide is getting oxidised.

$(c)$ Carbon is getting oxidised.

$(d)$ Lead oxide is getting reduced.

What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron fillings ? Tick the correct answer.

Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Why ? 

Explain the ''Rancidity'' terms with one example.