How did Coulomb find the law of value of electric force between two point charges ?

A point charge $q_1$ exerts force $F$ upon another point charge $q_2$. If a third charge $q_3$ be placed near the charge $q_2$, then the force that charge $q_1$ exerts on the charge $q_2$ will be

Two charges ${q_1}$ and ${q_2}$ are placed in vacuum at a distance $d$ and the force acting between them is $F$. If a medium of dielectric constant $4$ is introduced around them, the force now will be

Two charges, each equal to $q$, are kept at $x = -a$ and $x = a$ on the $x-$axis. A particle of mass $m$ and charge $q_0=\frac{q}{2}$ is placed at the origin. If charge $q_0$ is given a small displacement $(y < < a)$ along the $y-$axis, the net force acting on the particle is proportional to

Given below are three schematic graphs of potential energy $V(r)$ versus distance $r$ for three atomic particles : electron $\left(e^{-}\right)$, proton $\left(p^{+}\right)$and neutron $(n)$, in the presence of a nucleus at the origin $O$. The radius of the nucleus is $r_0$. The scale on the $V$-axis may not be the same for all figures. The correct pairing of each graph with the corresponding atomic particle is