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3-1.Vectors
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જો બે એકમ સદિશનો સરવાળો એકમ સદિશ હોય તો, તેમના તફાવતનું મૂલ્ય શું હશે ?

A

$\sqrt 2 $

B

$\sqrt 3 $

C

$\frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}$

D

$\sqrt 5 $

Solution

Let $\vec{a}, \vec{b}$ be two unit vectors whose sum is also a unit vector $\vec{c}$

$\vec{a}+\vec{b}=\vec{c} \ldots \ldots .$. (i) and $|\vec{a}|=|\vec{b}|=|\vec{c}|=1$

Now, magnitude of sum of $\vec{a}$ and $\vec{b}$ is

$|\vec{a}+\vec{b}|=|\vec{a}|^2+|\vec{b}|^2+2(\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b})$

$\Rightarrow 1=1+1+2(\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}) \ldots .$. From $(i)$

$\Rightarrow \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}=-\frac{1}{2}$

Magnitude of their difference is given by

$|\vec{a}-\vec{b}|^2=|\vec{a}|^2+|\vec{b}|^2-2 \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}$

$=1+1+2 \times \frac{1}{2}=3$

$\Rightarrow|a-b|=\sqrt{3}$

Standard 11
Physics

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