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p-Block Elements - I
hard
A group $13$ element $'X'$ reacts with chlorine gas to produce a compound $XCl_3. XCl_3$ is electron deficient and easily reacts with $NH_3$ to form $Cl_3X \leftarrow NH_3$ adduct, however, $XCl_3$ does not dimerize. $X$ is
A
$B$
B
$Al$
C
$In$
D
$Ga$
(JEE MAIN-2018)
Solution
$BCl_3$
$B+C{{l}_{2}}\to \underset{\begin{smallmatrix}
[does\,not\,dimerise\,due\,to\, \\
(p\pi -p\pi )back\,bonding]
\end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{BC{{l}_{3}}}}\,\xrightarrow{N{{H}_{3}}}$
$BCl_3$ is electron deficient but it does not form dimer like $Al,Ga$ or $In$ because its electron deficiency is complemented by the formation of co-ordinate bond between lone pair of electron of chlorine and empty unhybridized $p-$ orbital of boron forming $p\pi -p\pi$ bonding.
Standard 11
Chemistry
