A square surface of side $L$ metres is in the plane of the paper. A uniform electric field $\vec E(V/m) $, also in the plane of the paper, is limited only to the lower half of the square surface, (see figure). The electric flux in SI units associated with the surface is

Electric flux through a surface of area $100$ $m^2$ lying in the $xy$ plane is (in $V-m$) if $\vec E = \hat i + \sqrt 2 \hat j + \sqrt 3 \hat k$

A long cylindrical shell carries positive surface charge $\sigma$ in the upper half and negative surface charge $-\sigma$ in the lower half. The electric field lines around the cylinder will look like figure given in : (figures are schematic and not drawn to scale)

A metallic solid sphere is placed in a uniform electric field. The lines of force follow the path(s) shown in figure as

A charge $Q$ is fixed at a distance $d$ in front of an infinite metal plate. The lines of force are represented by

The circular wire in figure below encircles solenoid in which the magnetic flux is increasing at a constant rate out of the plane of the page. The clockwise emf around the circular loop is $\varepsilon_{0}$. By definition a voltammeter measures the voltage difference between the two points given by $V_{b}-V_{a}=-\int \limits_{a}^{b} E \cdot d s$ We assume that $a$ and $b$ are infinitesimally close to each other. The values of $V_{b}-V_{a}$ along the path $1$ and $V_{a}-V_{b}$ along the path $2$ , respectively are