Explain the electric field lines and the magnitude of electric field.
Explain the electric field lines and the magnitude of electric field.
Pictorial representation of electric field produced by charge or system of charges is electric field lines.
Draw vectors pointing along the direction of the electric field with their lengths proportional to the strength of the field at each point.
Since the magnitude of electric field at a point decreases inversely as the square of the distance of that point from the charge, the vector gets shorter as one goes away from the charge always pointing radially outward (if charge is positive then outwards and if it is negative then inwards) $\mathrm{E}=\frac{k \mathrm{Q}}{r^{2}}$
In this figure, each arrow indicates the electric field i.e. the force acting on a unit positive charge placed at the tail of that arrow. Connect the arrows pointing in one direction and the resulting figure represents a field line.
The magnitude of the field is represented by the density of field lines.
$\overrightarrow{\mathrm{E}}$ is strong near the charge, so the density of field lines is more near the charge and the lines are closer. Away from the charge, the field gets weaker and the density of field lines is less, resulting in well-separated lines.
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A cone of base radius $R$ and height $h$ is located in a uniform electric field $\vec E$ parallel to its base. The electric flux entering the cone is
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- [JEE MAIN 2014]
An infinitely long thin non-conducting wire is parallel to the $z$-axis and carries a uniform line charge density $\lambda$. It pierces a thin non-conducting spherical shell of radius $R$ in such a way that the arc $PQ$ subtends an angle $120^{\circ}$ at the centre $O$ of the spherical shell, as shown in the figure. The permittivity of free space is $\epsilon_0$. Which of the following statements is (are) true?
$(A)$ The electric flux through the shell is $\sqrt{3} R \lambda / \epsilon_0$
$(B)$ The z-component of the electric field is zero at all the points on the surface of the shell
$(C)$ The electric flux through the shell is $\sqrt{2} R \lambda / \epsilon_0$
$(D)$ The electric field is normal to the surface of the shell at all points
An infinitely long thin non-conducting wire is parallel to the $z$-axis and carries a uniform line charge density $\lambda$. It pierces a thin non-conducting spherical shell of radius $R$ in such a way that the arc $PQ$ subtends an angle $120^{\circ}$ at the centre $O$ of the spherical shell, as shown in the figure. The permittivity of free space is $\epsilon_0$. Which of the following statements is (are) true?
$(A)$ The electric flux through the shell is $\sqrt{3} R \lambda / \epsilon_0$
$(B)$ The z-component of the electric field is zero at all the points on the surface of the shell
$(C)$ The electric flux through the shell is $\sqrt{2} R \lambda / \epsilon_0$
$(D)$ The electric field is normal to the surface of the shell at all points
- [IIT 2018]
What is called Gaussian surface ?
What is called Gaussian surface ?
Each of two large conducting parallel plates has one sided surface area $A$. If one of the plates is given a charge $Q$ whereas the other is neutral, then the electric field at a point in between the plates is given by
Each of two large conducting parallel plates has one sided surface area $A$. If one of the plates is given a charge $Q$ whereas the other is neutral, then the electric field at a point in between the plates is given by