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જો સદિશ $\overrightarrow {A} = cos\omega t\hat i + sin\omega t\hat j$ અને$\overrightarrow {B} = cos\frac{{\omega t}}{2}\hat i + sin\frac{{\omega t}}{2}\hat j$ સમયના વિધેયો હોય, તો કયા $t$ સમયે આ બંને સદિશો પરસ્પર લંબ થશે?
$t=0$
$t=$$\;\frac{\pi }{{4\omega }}$
$t=$$\;\frac{\pi }{{2\omega }}$
$t=$$\;\frac{\pi }{\omega }$
Solution
$\begin{gathered}
\,\,\,\,\,Two\,vectors\,\bar A\,and\,\bar B\,are\,orthogonal \hfill \\
to\,each\,other,\,if\,their\,scalar\,product \hfill \\
is\,zero\,i.e,.\,\bar A\,.\,\bar B = 0. \hfill \\
Here,\,\bar A = \cos \omega t\,\hat i + \sin \omega t\,\hat j \hfill \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,and\,\bar B = \cos \frac{{\omega t}}{2}\hat i + \sin \frac{{\omega t}}{2}\hat j \hfill \\
\therefore \,\bar A\,.\,\bar B = \left( {\cos \omega t\hat i + \sin \,\omega t\,\hat j} \right) \cdot \left( {\cos \frac{{\omega t}}{2}\hat i + \sin \frac{{\omega t}}{2}\hat j} \right) \hfill \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \,\cos \,\omega t\,\cos \,\frac{{\omega t}}{2} + \sin \,\omega t\,\sin \,\frac{{\omega t}}{2} \hfill \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\left( {\because \,\hat i \cdot \hat i = \hat j \cdot \hat j = 1\,and\,\hat i \cdot \hat j = \hat j \cdot \hat i = 0} \right) \hfill \\
\end{gathered} $
$\begin{gathered}
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \cos \left( {\omega t – \frac{{\omega t}}{2}} \right) \hfill \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\left( {\because \cos \left( {A – B} \right) = \cos A\cos B + \sin A\sin B} \right) \hfill \\
But\,\bar A\,.\,\bar B = 0\left( {as\bar A\,\,and\,\bar B\,are\,orthogonal\,to\,each\,other} \right) \hfill \\
\therefore \,\,\,\cos \left( {\omega t – \frac{{\omega t}}{2}} \right) = 0 \hfill \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\cos \left( {\omega t – \frac{{\omega t}}{2}} \right) = \cos \frac{\pi }{2}\,or\,\omega t – \frac{{\omega t}}{2} = \frac{\pi }{2} \hfill \\
\,\,\,\,\,\,\frac{{\omega t}}{2} = \frac{\pi }{2}or\,t = \frac{\pi }{\omega } \hfill \\
\end{gathered} $