In an experiment to determine the Young's modulus, steel wires of five different lengths $(1,2,3,4$ and $5\,m )$ but of same cross section $\left(2\,mm ^{2}\right)$ were taken and curves between extension and load were obtained. The slope (extension/load) of the curves were plotted with the wire length and the following graph is obtained. If the Young's modulus of given steel wires is $x \times 10^{11}\,Nm ^{-2}$, then the value of $x$ is

Under the same load, wire $A$ having length $5.0\,m$ and cross section $2.5 \times 10^{-5}\,m ^2$ stretches uniformly by the same amount as another wire $B$ of length $6.0\,m$ and a cross section of $3.0 \times 10^{-5}\,m ^2$ stretches. The ratio of the Young's modulus of wire $A$ to that of wire $B$ will be

Four identical hollow cylindrical columns of mild steel support a big structure of mass $50,000 \;kg$. The inner and outer radii of each column are $30$ and $60\; cm$ respectively. Assuming the load distribution to be uniform, calculate the compressional strain of each column.

The maximum elongation of a steel wire of $1 \mathrm{~m}$ length if the elastic limit of steel and its Young's modulus, respectively, are $8 \times 10^8 \mathrm{~N} \mathrm{~m}^{-2}$ and $2 \times 10^{11} \mathrm{~N} \mathrm{~m}^{-2}$, is:

The edge of an aluminium cube is $10\; cm$ long. One face of the cube is firmly fixed to a vertical wall. A mass of $100 \;kg$ is then attached to the opposite face of the cube. The shear modulus of aluminium is $25\; GPa$. What is the vertical deflection of this face?

The force required to stretch a wire of crosssection $1 cm ^{2}$ to double its length will be ........ $ \times 10^{7}\,N$

(Given Yong's modulus of the wire $=2 \times 10^{11}\,N / m ^{2}$ )