In an isolated parallel plate capacitor of capacitance $C$, the four surface have charges ${Q_1}$, ${Q_2}$, ${Q_3}$ and ${Q_4}$ as shown. The potential difference between the plates is
$\frac{{{Q_1} + {Q_2} + {Q_3} + {Q_4}}}{{2C}}$
$\frac{{{Q_2} + {Q_3}}}{{2C}}$
$\frac{{{Q_2} - {Q_3}}}{{2C}}$
$\frac{{{Q_1} + {Q_4}}}{{2C}}$
Answer carefully:
$(a)$ Two large conducting spheres carrying charges $Q _{1}$ and $Q _{2}$ are brought close to each other. Is the magnitude of electrostatic force between them exactly given by $Q _{1} Q _{2} / 4 \pi \varepsilon_{0} r^{2},$ where $r$ is the distance between their centres?
$(b)$ If Coulomb's law involved $1 / r^{3}$ dependence (instead of $1 / r^{2}$ ), would Gauss's law be still true?
$(c)$ $A$ small test charge is released at rest at a point in an electrostatic field configuration. Will it travel along the field line passing through that point?
$(d)$ What is the work done by the field of a nucleus in a complete circular orbit of the electron? What if the orbit is elliptical?
$(e)$ We know that electric field is discontinuous across the surface of a charged conductor. Is electric potential also discontinuous there?
$(f)$ What meaning would you give to the capacitance of a single conductor?
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