The $+1 -$ oxidation state in group $-13$ and $+2$ oxidation state in group $-14$ becomes more and more stable with increasing atomic number. Explain.
The $+1 -$ oxidation state in group $-13$ and $+2$ oxidation state in group $-14$ becomes more and more stable with increasing atomic number. Explain.
On moving down, in group-$13$ and $14$, lower oxidation state becomes more stable as compared to higher oxidation state, because of inert pair effect.
In inert pair effect, $s$ electrons of valence shell do not participate in bonding only ' $p$ ' electrons participate in bonding. As the size of atom increases, more energy is needed by 's' electrons to participate in bonding from valence shell.
In group $13$ valence shell configuration is $n s^{2} n p^{1}$ ( $\mathrm{n}=2$ to 6 ), when electrons of both ' $s$ ' and
' $p$ ' orbitals participate they show $+3$ oxidation state but, if only ' $p$ ' electrons participate then they show $+1$ oxidation state. In group-$14$ valence shell configuration is $n s^{2} n p^{2}(n=2$ to $6$ ), when electrons of both ' $s$ ' and ' $p$ ' orbitals participate then $+4$ oxidation state and if only ' $p$ ' electrons participate, then they show $+2$ oxidation state.
Similar Questions
The weakest Lewis acid is
The weakest Lewis acid is
Compare $\pi - $ bond strength between $B$ and $N$ given in two compounds
$(I)$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{{\left( {C{H_3}} \right)}_3}Si - NB{H_2}}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,|}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,Si{{(C{H_3})}_3}}
\end{array}$ $(II)$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{{\left( {C{H_3}} \right)}_3}C - NB{H_2}}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,|}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,C{{(C{H_3})}_3}}
\end{array}$
Compare $\pi - $ bond strength between $B$ and $N$ given in two compounds
$(I)$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{{\left( {C{H_3}} \right)}_3}Si - NB{H_2}}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,|}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,Si{{(C{H_3})}_3}}
\end{array}$ $(II)$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{{\left( {C{H_3}} \right)}_3}C - NB{H_2}}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,|}\\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,C{{(C{H_3})}_3}}
\end{array}$
Two students were given the task to prepare an adduct $NH_3 \to BH_3$ at low temperature :-
Student $I$ :- She mixed $B_2H_6$ and $NH_3$
Student $II$ :- He mixed $B_2H_6$ with $THF$ followed by addition of $NH_3$
Which student is expected to get the $CORRECT$ final product ?
Two students were given the task to prepare an adduct $NH_3 \to BH_3$ at low temperature :-
Student $I$ :- She mixed $B_2H_6$ and $NH_3$
Student $II$ :- He mixed $B_2H_6$ with $THF$ followed by addition of $NH_3$
Which student is expected to get the $CORRECT$ final product ?
Identify the reaction which does not liberate hydrogen
Identify the reaction which does not liberate hydrogen
- [JEE MAIN 2016]
The crystalline form of borax has
($A$) tetranuclear $\left[\mathrm{B}_4 \mathrm{O}_5(\mathrm{OH})_4\right]^{2-}$ unit
($B$) all boron atoms in the same plane
($C$) equal number of $s p^2$ and $s p^3$ hybridized boron atoms
($D$) one terminal hydroxide per boron atom
The crystalline form of borax has
($A$) tetranuclear $\left[\mathrm{B}_4 \mathrm{O}_5(\mathrm{OH})_4\right]^{2-}$ unit
($B$) all boron atoms in the same plane
($C$) equal number of $s p^2$ and $s p^3$ hybridized boron atoms
($D$) one terminal hydroxide per boron atom
- [IIT 2016]