Explain with illustration cranes regarding the applications of elastic behaviour of materials.

An aluminum rod (Young's modulus $ = 7 \times {10^9}\,N/{m^2})$ has a breaking strain of $0.2\%$. The minimum cross-sectional area of the rod in order to support a load of ${10^4}$Newton's is

Two persons pull a wire towards themselves. Each person exerts a force of $200 \mathrm{~N}$ on the wire. Young's modulus of the material of wire is $1 \times 10^{11} \mathrm{~N} \mathrm{~m}^{-2}$. Original length of the wire is $2 \mathrm{~m}$ and the area of cross section is $2 \mathrm{~cm}^2$. The wire will extend in length by . . . . . . . .$\mu \mathrm{m}$.

In which case there is maximum extension in the wire, if same force is applied on each wire

A wire of length $L$ and radius $r$ is clamped at one end. If its other end is pulled by a force $F$, its length increases by $l$. If the radius of the wire and the applied force both are reduced to half of their original values keeping original length constant, the increase in length will become.