Three identical small electric dipoles are arranged parallel to each other at equal separation a as shown in the figure. Their total interaction energy is $U$. Now one of the end dipole is gradually reversed, how much work is done by the electric forces.

As shown in figure, on bringing a charge $Q$ from point $A$ to $B$ and from $B$ to $C$, the work done are $2\, joule$ and $-3\, joule$ respectively. The work done to bring the charge from $C$ to $A$ is

State which of the following is correct

A proton of mass $m$ and charge $e$ is projected from a very large distance towards an $\alpha$-particle with velocity $v$. Initially $\alpha$-particle is at rest, but it is free to move. If gravity is neglected, then the minimum separation along the straight line of their motion will be

A particle of mass $m$ and charge $q$ is kept at the top of a fixed frictionless sphere. $A$ uniform horizontal electric field $E$ is switched on. The particle looses contact with the sphere, when the line joining the center of the sphere and the particle makes an angle $45^o$ with the vertical. The ratio $\frac{qE}{mg}$ is :-

Derive the formula for the electric potential energy of system of two charges.