Write equation of electric field by system of $\mathrm{'n'}$ charges.

A uniformly charged rod of length $4\,m$ and linear charge density $\lambda  = 30\,\mu C/m$ is placed as shown in figure. Calculate the $x-$ component of electric field at point $P$.

$ABC$ is an equilateral triangle. Charges $ + \,q$ are placed at each corner. The electric intensity at $O$ will be

Four point charges $-q, +q, +q$ and $-q$ are placed on $y$ axis at $y = -2d$, $y = -d, y = +d$ and $y = +2d$, respectively. The magnitude of the electric field $E$ at a point on the $x -$ axis at $x = D$, with $D > > d$, will vary as

Five charges, $\mathrm{q}$ each are placed at the corners of a regular pentagon of side $\mathrm{'a'}$ as in figure.

$(a)$ $(i)$ What will be the electric field at $O$, the centre of the pentagon ?

$(ii)$ What will be the electric field at $O$ if the charge from one of the corners (say $A$ $)$ is removed ?

$(iii)$ What will be the electric field at $O $ if the charge $q$ at $A$ is replaced by$ -q$ ?

$(b) $ How would your answer to $(a)$ be affected if pentagon is replaced by $n\,-$ sided regular polygon with charge $q$ at each of its corners ?

A uniformly charged disc of radius $R$ having surface charge density $\sigma$ is placed in the ${xy}$ plane with its center at the origin. Find the electric field intensity along the $z$-axis at a distance $Z$ from origin :-