An elastic material of Young's modulus $Y$ is subjected to a stress $S$. The elastic energy stored per unit volume of the material is

One end of a metal wire is fixed to a ceiling and a load of $2 \mathrm{~kg}$ hangs from the other end. A similar wire is attached to the bottom of the load and another load of $1 \mathrm{~kg}$ hangs from this lower wire. Then the ratio of longitudinal strain of upper wire to that of the lower wire will be____________.

[Area of cross section of wire $=0.005 \mathrm{~cm}^2$, $\mathrm{Y}=2 \times 10^{11}\  \mathrm{Nm}^{-2}$ and $\left.\mathrm{g}=10 \mathrm{~ms}^{-2}\right]$

Overall changes in volume and radii of a uniform cylindrical steel wire are $0.2 \%$ and $0.002 \%$ respectively when subjected to some suitable force. Longitudinal tensile stress acting on the wire is ($Y = 2.0 × 10^{11} Nm^{-2}$)

The ratio of diameters of two wires of same material is $n : 1$. The length of wires are $4\, m$ each. On applying the same load, the increase in length of thin wire will be

Two wires are made of the same material and have the same volume. The first wire has cross-sectional area $A$ and the second wire has cross-sectional area $3A$. If the length of the first wire is increased by $\Delta l$ on applying a force $F$, how much force is needed to stretch the second wire by the same amount?

A wire of length $L,$ area of cross section $A$ is hanging from a fixed support. The length of the wire changes to $L_{1}$ when mass $M$ is suspended from its free end. The expression for Young's modulus is