Explain electric field and also electric field by point charge.
Explain electric field and also electric field by point charge.
Suppose, charge $\mathrm{Q}$ is placed at origin ' $\mathrm{O}^{\prime}$ in free space. If another charge $q$ is placed at distance $r$ at point $\mathrm{P}(\mathrm{OP}=r)$, then Coulomb force acts on $q$.
$\overrightarrow{\mathrm{F}}=\frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_{0}} \cdot \frac{\mathrm{Q} q}{r^{2}} \hat{r}$
If $q=1 \mathrm{C}$, then force acting on unit charge is called electric field $\mathrm{E}$.
$\therefore \frac{\overrightarrow{\mathrm{F}}}{q}=\frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_{0}} \cdot \frac{\mathrm{Q}}{r^{2}} \hat{r}$ $\therefore \overrightarrow{\mathrm{E}}=\frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_{0}} \cdot \frac{\mathrm{Q}}{r^{2}} \hat{r}$ or $\mathrm{E}=\frac{k \mathrm{Q}}{r^{2}}$
Definition of electric field: 'The region around the charge in which the effect of electric charge is prevailing is called the electric field of the charge.'
Electric field $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{E}}$ is also called electric field intensity. Force acting on charge $q$ of position vector $\vec{r}$ is $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{F}}(\vec{r})=q \overrightarrow{\mathrm{E}}(\vec{r})$
Electric field $\vec{E}$ is also called electric field intensity.
Definition of Electric field : 'The force acting on a unit positive charge at a given point in an electric field of a point charge of the system at charge is called the electric field or intensity of electric field $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{E}}$ at that point.
SI unit of electric field intensity is $\mathrm{NC}^{-1}$ or $\mathrm{Vm}^{-1}$ and dimensional formula is $\left[\mathrm{M}^{1} \mathrm{~L}^{1} \mathrm{~T}^{-3} \mathrm{~A}^{-1}\right]$.
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