Temperature of water at the surface of lake is $ - {20^o}C$ Then temperature of water just below the lower surface of ice layer is ...... $^oC$

In the Ingen Hauz’s experiment the wax melts up to lengths $10$ and $25 cm$ on two identical rods of different materials. The ratio of thermal conductivities of the two materials is

In the following figure, two insulating sheets with thermal resistances $R$ and $3R$ as shown in figure. The temperature $\theta$ is ...... $^oC$

A hollow sphere of inner radius $R$ and outer radius $2R$ is made of a material of thermal conductivity $K$. It is surrounded by another hollow sphere of inner radius $2R$ and outer radius $3R$ made of same material of thermal conductivity $K$. The inside of smaller sphere is maintained at $0^o C$ and the outside of bigger sphere at $100^o C$. The system is in steady state. The temperature of the interface will be ........ $^oC$

The area of the glass of a window of a room is $10\;{m^2}$ and thickness $2mm$. The outer and inner temperature are ${40^o}C$ and ${20^o}C$ respectively. Thermal conductivity of glass in $MKS$ system is $0.2$. The heat flowing in the room per second will be

A brass boiler has a base area of $0.15\; m ^{2}$ and thickness $1.0\; cm .$ It boils water at the rate of $6.0\; kg / min$ when placed on a gas stove. Estimate the temperature (in $^oC$) of the part of the flame in contact with the boiler. Thermal conductivity of brass $=109 \;J s ^{-1} m ^{-1} K ^{-1} ;$ Heat of vaporisation of water $=2256 \times 10^{3}\; J kg ^{-1}$