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चित्र में किसी एकसमान स्थिरवैध्यूत क्षेत्र में तीन आवेशित कणों के पथचिह्न (tracks) दर्शाए गए हैं। तीनों आवेशों के चिह्र लिखिए। इनमें से किस कण का आवेश-संहति अनुपात $(q / m)$ अधिकतम है?

Solution
Opposite charges attract each other and same charges repel each other. It can be observed that particles $1$ and $2$ both move towards the positively charged plate and repel away from the negatively charged plate.
Hence, these two particles are negatively charged. It can also be observed that particle $3$ moves towards the negatively charged plate and repels away from the positively charged plate. Hence, particle $3$ is positively charged.
The charge to mass ratio $(emf)$ is directly proportional to the displacement or amount of deflection for a given velocity. since the deflection of particle $3$ is the maximum, it has the highest charge to mass ratio.